KUALITAS MINYAK PAUS SPERMA HASIL PENGAWETAN OLEH NELAYAN LAMALERA-LEMBATA MELALUI PENJEMURAN DI PANTAI
Abstract
Lamalera fishermen in Lembata Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, have a tradition of catching sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) traditionally. Sperm whale meat and blubber are split and dried on the beach until dry, then marketed through barter. Sperm whale blubber purchased by consumers and processed for consumption usually has a strong fishy odor. This study aims to assess the quality of sperm whale oil produced by Lamalera fishermen traditionally preserving sperm whale blubber. The research method is thermal extraction of 221.34 grams of solid sperm whale blubber samples. Physical property analysis includes moisture content and density. Chemical parameters include: free fatty acids through alkalimetric titration, saponification value by acid-base titration, and iodine value by the Wijs method. The research results obtained the following data: oil yield of 76.65%, water content of 1.43%, density of 1.051 gr/mL at 32oC, free fatty acid content of 8.95%, saponification number of 80.41 mg KOH/gr and iodine number of 9.86 gr I2/100 gr oil. The density results were higher than the ideal standard of 0.920–0.931 g/mL at 15.6°C, suspected to be due to the presence of contaminants. Free fatty acids higher than the IFOMA standard indicate that the sample oil has undergone hydrolysis or oxidation which is qualitatively indicated by a sharp fishy odor. A saponification number lower than the standard indicates that the sample fat is dominated by very long-chain fatty compounds. A very low iodine number indicates a low level of unsaturation of the oil in the test sample. Based on the data from the analysis of this sample, it is concluded that the sample has low quality for direct consumption.
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