KUALITAS MINYAK PAUS SPERMA HASIL PENGAWETAN OLEH NELAYAN LAMALERA-LEMBATA MELALUI PENJEMURAN DI PANTAI
Abstract
Lamalera fishermen in Lembata Regency traditionally hunt sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and preserve the blubber by sun-drying it on the beach prior to barter trading. The oil extracted from this blubber is typically characterized by a strong fishy odor. This study aims to determine the quality of sperm whale oil produced through this traditional preservation method. The research employed an experimental method. Solid blubber samples (221.34 g) were processes using thermal extraction to obtain the oil. The research procedure included sample preparation, thermal extraction, and analysis of physical and chemical properties with all experimental performed in triplicate. Physical analyses included oil yield, moisture content, and density, while chemical analyses comprised free fatty acid (FFA) content (by alkalimetric titration), saponification value (by acid–base titration), and iodine value (by Wijs method). The results showed an oil yield of 76.65%, moisture content of 1.43%, and density of 1.051 g/mL at 32°C. Chemically, the oil had a free fatty acid (FFA) content of 8.95%, saponification value of 80.41 mg KOH/g, and iodine value of 9.86 g I₂/100 g oi1l.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adriani, 2023, Keamanan Pangan; Pengelolaan dan Kerusakan Pangan, Selembar Karya Pustaka, ISBN 978-623-09-2719-5, Kediri, Jawa Timur
Bako T., Umogbai VI., Awulu JO., 2017., Criteria for the extraction of fish oil, AgricEngInt: CIGR Journal, 19(3), 120-132.
Codex Alimentarius, Codex Standard for Fish Oils (CXS 329-2017),
Dasion AGR., 2022, Laut, "Ina Lefa", dan Masyarakat Lamalera, Dimensi, 11(2), 1-4).
Dieterich s E. F., 1916., A Practical Treatise On Friction, Lubrication, Fats and Oils, Philadelphia : Heney Carey Baikd & Co., Industrial Publishers, Booksellers and Importers, 810 Wai Nut Street.
Djikeng FT., Ninying VTZS., Karuna MSL., Forlemu LA., Womeni HM., 2025., Monitoring the Influence of Sunlight on the Oxidative Stability, Color, and Fatty Acid Composition of Sunflower, Sesame, Groundnut, Mustard, and Rice Bran Oils, Future Postharvest and Food, 2, 206-216,
Domergue F., dan Miklaszewska M., 2022, The production of wax esters in transgenic plants: towards a sustainable source of bio-lubricants, Journal of Experimental Botany, 73(9), 2817–2834,
Duanassurya M., 2021, Karakterisasi Fisikokimia Minyak Ikan dari Kulit Paus Sperma (Physeter Macrocephalus) di Lamalera, Nusa Tenggara Timur, http://repository.unair.ac.id/109395
Duli D., Maryunani, Sakti R. K., 2023., Local Wisdom For Economic Development Of Coastal Communities And Their Problems, Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 2(4), 2218-2231
Elgharbawy AS., Sadik,WA., Sadek,OM.,. Kasaby,MA, 2021., Transesterification reaction conditions and low-quality feedstock treatment processes for biodiesel production- A review, Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, 23(1), 98-103
Glarou M., Gero S., Frantzis A., Brotons J.M., Vivier F., Alexiadou P., Cerdà M., Pirotta E., Christiansen F., 2021., Estimating body mass of sperm whales from
aerial photographs., Marine Mammal Science, 39(1), 1-23.
Hasanaha F., Lestaria N., Adiningsihb Y., 2017, Pengendalian Senyawa Trimetilamin (TMA) dan Amonia dalam Pembuatan Margarin dari Minyak Patin., Warta IHP/Journal of Agro-based Industry, 34(2), 72-80
Hayati CN., dan Hafiludin, 2023, Karakteristik Kimia (Kadar Air, Tvb-N, Dan Protein) Pada Produk Perikanan Di Bpmhp Semarang, Juvenil, 4(1), 13-20,
Ivanova I, Hanganu A., Dumitriu R., Tociu M., Ivanov G., Stavarache C., Popescu L., Ghendov-Mosanu A., Sturza R., Deleanu C., Chira NA., 2022., Saponification Value of Fats and Oils as Determined from 1H-NMR Data: The Case of Dairy Fats, Foods, 11(1466), 1-13.
Kuennemann E dan Trivedi D, 2025, Quality Assurance of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Fish Oil Capsules, American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research, 26(4), 471-482,
Lestari N., Yuwana, Efendi Z., 2015., Identifikasi Tingkat Kesegaran Dan Kerusakan Fisik Ikan Di Pasar Minggu Kota Bengkulu, Jurnal Agroindustri, 5(1), 44-56
Lockyer C. 1991, Body composition of the sperm whale, Physeter catodon, with special reference to the possible functions of fat depots, Rit Fiskideildar / Journal of the Marine Research Institute, Reykjavik, 12., 1-24,
Loganathan R., Tarmizi AHA., Vethakkan SR., Teng KT., 2022., A Review On Lipid Oxidation In Edible Oils, Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 26(6), 1378 - 1393
Li Z, Liu W, Yang G., 2021., Low-Temperature Esterification to Produce Oleic Acid-Based Wax Esters Catalyzed by 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid, Catalysts, 11(1471), 1-11, .
Milani A dan Folegatti L., 2023, Validation of a time saving method for saponification value estimation using microwaves technologies, RISG La Rivista Italiana Delle,101(1), 3-8,
Muhammad, Dewi E. N., Kurniasih R. A., 2019., Oksidasi Lemak Pada Ikan Ekor Kuning (Caesio cuning) Asin Dengan Konsentrasi Garam Yang Berbeda, Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan, 1(2), 67-75.
Nay FA., Lalang AR., Fallo SI., 2023., Aspek Etnomatematika Pada Pembagian Daging Paus oleh Masyarakat Lamalera Lembata, Asimtot: Jurnal Kependidikan Matematika, 4(2), 123 – 130
Nurhayati T., Abdullah A, Sari SN., 2019., Penentuan Formaldehid Ikan Beloso (Saurida tumbil) Selama Penyimpanan Beku, JPHPI, 22(2), 236-245.
Pratiwi SS., Swastawati F., Fahm AS., 2019, Pengaruh Kandungan Asap Cair Terhadap Oksidasi Lemak Ikan Teri Galer (Stolephorus indicus) Asin Kering Selama Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang., Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan, 1(2), 30-38.
Pringgenies D., Hartoko A., Maro JF., Matsuishi T., 2021., The stomach content analysis of whales in Alor and Lamalera Islands, Savu Sea, Indonesia., AACL Bioflux, 14(5), 3119-3126
Soenarno MS., Arifin M., Prabowo S., Salundik, Murtini D., Alifiya Q., Wihansah RRS., 2024., Evaluation of Acid Value, Free Fatty Acids, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content in Chevon Fat: A Pre- and Post-Roasting Comparison, 12(2), 101-104
Shen Q., Zhang Z., Emami S., Chen J., Bell JMNM., Taha AY., 2021.,Triacylglycerols are preferentially oxidized over free fatty acids in heated soybean oil, npj Science of Food, 5(7), 1-11
Soria HN., 2023, Fish digestive lipase quantification methods used in aquaculture studies, Frontiers in Aquaculture, 2:1225216, 1-20
Tsutsuura S., Matsumoto M., Sakai K., Motegi R., Nishiumi T., 2024., Long-term storage under pressure in deep sea improved the microbiological safety and physical properties of whale meat, Heliyon 10(8), 1-12
Tukan GD., Nadut A., Lalong PRF., Sawo AE., Tukan CJP., Tukan CMP., 2024., Kajian peminat konsumsi daging paus sperma (Physeter macrocephalus) di Kalangan Masyarakat Kabupaten Lembata, Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Kepulauan, 7(2) ; 1068-1077.
Sudikan SY dan Afdholy N., 2024., Evolution of Whaling Practices among Lamalera Fishermen in Indonesia, Human Evolution 39(1-2): 101-113,
Taum YY., Sunarti S., Rahmawati, Syahrul N., Atisah, Nur M., Kembaren ES., 2024., The Death of the Youngest Lamafa: Love and the Struggle for Survival of Whale Hunters in Lamalera, Journal of Marine and Island Cultures, 13(3), 160-179,
Walquist MJ., Stormo . K., Østerud B., Elvevoll EO., Eilertsen KE., 2018., Cold-pressed minke whale oil reduces circulating LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a Western-type diet for 13 weeks,. Nutrition & Metabolism (2018) 15:35.
Yildiz Y., Alfeen MA., Yildiz B., 2019., Determination of Iodine Value in Triisocetyl Citrate (Citmol-316) by United Satates Pharmacopeia Hanus Method, International Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7(2): 38–41
Yılmaz E., Uslu E. K., Toksöz B., 2020., Structure, Rheological and Sensory Properties of Some Animal Wax Based Oleogels, Journal of Oleo Science, 69 (10), 1317-1329,
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v13i1.13354
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gerardus Diri Tukan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perikanan Tropis (print ISSN 2355-5564 ;online ISSN 2355-5572), is published by the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia .
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License