Integrasi AHP dan QFD dalam Penentuan Kualitas Bahan Baku Ayam untuk Mitigasi Risiko Supply Chain

Silvana Mohamad, Moh. Ainul Fais, Sofiyanurriyanti Sofiyanurriyanti, Abdul Rasyid

Abstract


This study aims to determine the priority of chicken raw material quality risks and formulate technical responses to support supply chain risk mitigation in restaurant operations. The research object was Restoran XYZ, Surabaya, which relies on chicken as its main raw material. This study used an integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach. Primary data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires involving restaurant stakeholders responsible for procurement, inspection, and processing of chicken raw materials. AHP was used to determine supply chain risk priorities, while QFD was used to translate quality attributes into technical responses through the House of Quality matrix. The AHP results show that the highest priority risk was chicken quality not meeting standards, with a weight of 0.422, followed by delayed delivery at 0.254, price mismatch at 0.162, inaccurate weighing at 0.104, and quantity mismatch at 0.059. The inconsistency ratio was 0.09, indicating acceptable pairwise comparisons. The QFD results show that the main quality attributes were chicken freshness, followed by feather cleanliness, cutting condition, and chicken weight. The main technical responses were worker training at 26.87%, rechecking weighing results at 22.39%, preparing delivery invoices at 22.39%, careful weighing at 17.91%, and scheduling raw material delivery at 10.45%. These findings show that integrating AHP and QFD can support structured decision-making by linking risk priorities with operational quality improvement. The results can be used to develop standard operating procedures for raw material acceptance, supplier evaluation, and supply chain risk mitigation.


Keywords


Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); Chicken Raw Material Quality; Risk Management; Supply Chain; Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

References


A. AHAMAT, M. S. SHAHKAT ALI, M. A. AZAMI, and N. V. Prasad, “Innovation Marketing from the Perspective of New Technologies in the Food and Beverage Industry,” Journal of Marketing Research and Case Studies, pp. 1–14, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.5171/2022.492387.

F. Ajila, Food and Beverage Industry: 10-20years Analysis of Key Drivers. 2024. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25571.32803.

U. Bhartwal and S. Saxena, A Study on Cloud Kitchens As An Emerging Food And Beverage Industry. 2023. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.32589.00487.

L. F. S. Wang and C. Zeng, “Licensing, entry, and privatization,” International Review of Economics & Finance, vol. 62, pp. 230–239, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.iref.2019.04.003.

P. Malyzhenkov, “INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND IT IMPACT ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCES: AN OVERVIEW,” International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Management (IJLREM), vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 01–03, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.56581/IJLREM.7.6.i76P0103.

E. Shehabi, “IMPROVING PRODUCT AND SERVICE QUALITY THROUGH EFFECTIVE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS,” ANGLISTICUM Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies, p. 59, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.58885/ijllis.v10i12.59esh.

N. Nalyvaiko, “THE IMPACT OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT ON BRAND QUALITY: PROCESS MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING MARKET POSITION,” Business Navigator, no. 5(82), 2025, doi: 10.32782/business-navigator.82-47.

O. : Azdi, R. Hidayat, A. S. Rini, E. Lailita, E. Varina, and M. Jahiri, “ANALISIS KUALITAS PRODUK USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS BINA BANGSA,” JURNAL MEDIA AKADEMIK (JMA), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1–12, 2026, doi: 10.62281.

D. Purnama Tanjung, H. J. Y. Zega, I. I. Zai, and I. D. P. Harefa, “KUALITAS DALAM MEMPRODUKSI SUATU BARANG DAN JASA,” JUKONI: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 15–22, 2025.

O. V. Skryabina and D. S. Ryabkova, “Quality investigation of meat product from poultry meat,” Poultry and Chicken Products, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 65–68, 2023, doi: 10.30975/2073-4999-2023-25-1-65-68.

S. R. Arunima and S. A. Binoosh, “Upstream Supply Chain Activity of a Start-up Restaurant: A Case Study in Foodie Panda,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, Aug. 2022, pp. 1271–1278. doi: 10.46254/IN02.20220371.

Taqi Nabil Elmiar, M. Sodik, and Indah Dewi Nurhayati, “Analysis of Raw Material Inventory Control In Nelongso Fried Chicken,” Conference on Economic and Business Innovation (CEBI), pp. 167–178, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.31328/cebi.v3i1.327.

S. Nur Syifa, S. Aulia Nastiti, B. Dwi Apriliyanti, R. Dwi Ramadhani, and D. Damayanthy, “Penerapan Manajemen Kualitas Pangan dalam Mengurangi Cacat Produk Tahu Bakso di Bakso Miwiti,” JIMU: Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Disiplin, vol. 03, no. 03, pp. 1358–1370, 2025.

S. P. S. D. Utari and W. W. Purnomo, “Penerapan GMP dan Organoleptik Bahan Baku Pada Pembekuan Udang Vannamei Bentuk CPDTO (Cooked Peeled Deviened Tail) Situbondo-Jawa Timur,” JVIP, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 0–1, 2023.

M. A. Febriani and T. Juwitaningtyas, “Analisis Efisiensi Waktu Pada Produksi Bakmi Kering di CV Sundoro Indonesia Berdasarkan Kesesuaian Waktu Proses Aktual dengan Standar Operasional Prosedure (SOP),” Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 77–85, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.26623/jtphp.v20i2.12385.

M. Bhattu, N. Kaur, S. K. Soni, and M. Verma, “Factors influencing food processing,” in Nanobiotechnology for Food Processing and Packaging, Elsevier, 2024, pp. 157–172. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-91749-0.00014-9.

A. T. Alfiati, R. Hidayah, and N. Latifah, “MANAJEMEN PRODUK KEMBALIAN DI ERA PERSAINGAN GLOBAL: OPTIMALISASI PROSES RECALL, RETUR, DAN SELF-INSPECTION DALAM RANTAI PASOK MODERN,” Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 146–163, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://journal.hasbaedukasi.co.id/index.php/jurmie

M. Yang, S. Qu, Y. Ji, and D. Abdoulrahaman, “Vulnerability of fresh agricultural products Supply Chain: Assessment, interrelationship analysis and control strategies,” Socioecon. Plann. Sci., vol. 94, p. 101928, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.seps.2024.101928.

E. Mitchell, “Challenges and Opportunities in Partnering with Local Suppliers for Italian Restaurant Chains,” Jan. 17, 2025. doi: 10.20944/preprints202501.1273.v1.

S. R. Arunima and S. A. Binoosh, “Upstream Supply Chain Activity of a Start-up Restaurant: A Case Study in Foodie Panda,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, Aug. 2022, pp. 1271–1278. doi: 10.46254/IN02.20220371.

H. Sahro, “ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY CHAIN RISK IN HEALTHY FOOD CATERING BUSINESS USING FMEA,” Buletin Ilmiah IMPAS, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 81–88, Sep. 2025, doi: 10.35508/impas.v26i2.24643.

A. Mansur and M. Zaizafuun Arasti, “Risk Mitigation Strategy in Perishable Product Supply Chains,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, Mar. 2021. doi: 10.46254/AN11.20211118.

T. Avramova, T. Peneva, and A. Ivanov, “Overview of Existing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Methods Used in Industrial Environments,” Technologies (Basel)., vol. 13, no. 10, p. 444, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.3390/technologies13100444.

T. L. Saaty, The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990.

Moh. A. Fais, I. G. A. S. Deviyanti, N. S. Widari, and W. Prihartanti, “Analisis tingkat resiko kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja dengan menggunakan metode hirarc di rumah makan x,” JISO:JournalOfIndustrialAndSystemsOptimization, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 16–22, 2024.

E. Ayyildiz and T. A. Gumus, “Interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy AHP method-based Supply Chain performance evaluation by a new extension of SCOR model: SCOR 4.0,” Complex and Intelligent Systems, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 559–576, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s40747-020-00221-9.

A. Riyanto, B. A. Kurniawan, G. Sianturi, and D. Oktafiani, “Supplier performance analysis using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method,” Matrix : Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Informatika, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–6, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.31940/matrix.v12i1.1-6.

I. Boukrouh, F. Tayalati, and A. Azmani, “A Comprehensive Framework for Supplier Selection: Using Subjective, Objective, and Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques With Sensitivity Analysis,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 145550–145569, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3462348.

Y. Akao and G. H. Mazur, “The leading edge in QFD: past, present and future,” International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 20–35, Feb. 2003, doi: 10.1108/02656710310453791.

A. F. E. Yuliawati and S. Mohamad, “Strategi ketahanan Supply Chain maritime di perusahaan freight forwarding dengan pendekatan QFD berbasis macroergonomi,” Jurnal INTECH Teknik Industri Universitas Serang Raya, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 9–21, 2025.

Y. Chen, M. Chen, J. Lyu, S. Zhong, and Z. Wang, “Creative product design of intangible cultural heritage of yi nationality based on QFD -TRIZ,” E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 179, pp. 1–6, 2020, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202017902012.

F. Li, C. H. Chen, C. H. Lee, and L. P. Khoo, “A User Requirement-driven Approach Incorporating TRIZ and QFD for Designing a Smart Vessel Alarm System to Reduce Alarm Fatigue,” Journal of Navigation, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 212–232, 2020, doi: 10.1017/S0373463319000547.

Z. Xi and Y. Meng-Di, “Research on Wheelchair Design for the Disabled Elderly Based on QFD/TRIZ,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1750, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1750/1/012062.

E. Loginova and M. Ostapenko, “QFD methodology development,” MATEC Web of Conferences, vol. 329, p. 03033, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1051/matecconf/202032903033.

E. Bø, I. B. Hovi, and D. R. Pinchasik, “COVID-19 disruptions and Norwegian food and pharmaceutical Supply Chains: Insights into Supply Chain risk management, resilience, and reliability,” Sustainable Futures, vol. 5, p. 100102, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.sftr.2022.100102.

S. A. Osman, C. Xu, M. Akuful, and E. R. Paul, “Perishable Food Supply Chain Management: Challenges and the Way Forward,” Open J. Soc. Sci., vol. 11, no. 07, pp. 349–364, 2023, doi: 10.4236/jss.2023.117025.

T. L. Saaty, The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation., vol. 3, no. 7. Virginia: McGraw-Hill, 1980. Accessed: Nov. 18, 2023. [Online]. Available: @inproceedings{Saaty1980TheAH, title={The analytic hierarchy process : planning, priority setting, resource allocation}, author={Thomas L. Saaty}, year={1980}, url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:120643630} }

P. Akmil, “Keunggulan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dalam Lomba Kreativitas di Dislitbangad,” Akademi Militer Magelang, Magelang, Jun. 26, 2023.

R. Susanto and A. D. Andriana, “Product Development Analysis using Quality Function Deployment,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 879, no. 1, p. 012038, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012038.

R. Susanto and A. D. Andriana, “Product Development Analysis using Quality Function Deployment,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 879, no. 1, p. 012038, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012038.

A. Mael Sihombing et al., “PERANCANGAN ULANG INOVASI KLOSET DUDUK MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT,” Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Manajemen Industri, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 2022–2068, doi: 10.46306/tgc.v2i1.

D. T. Saputro, “Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Semarang – Jakarta Dengan Metode AHP Menggunakan Expert Choice,” Jurnal Informa : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 14–20, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.46808/informa.v9i2.256.

A. G. Azwar, Nurwathi, R. Gunawan, Kusmadi, M. Fahrulrozi, and Rahmania, “Proposed Vacuum Sealer Design Using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Method,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 2928, no. 1, p. 012011, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2928/1/012011.

S. C. Prasetyo and B. Harsanto, “Integration of Quality Function Deployment and Kano Model in Service Business,” Jurnal Manajemen, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 411–426, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.24912/jm.v23i3.572.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jopt.v12i1.15176

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Optimalisasi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

JOPT: Jurnal Optimalisasi Indexing and Abstracting by: