Asabiyah and Religious Solidarity (A Socio-Historical Analysis of Asabiyah’s Ibn Khaldun in relation to the Concept of Muslim Unity)

Khairulyadi Khairulyadi, Bukhari Bukhari, Masrizal Masrizal, Triyanto Triyanto, Akmal Saputra

Abstract


Asabiyah merupakan kecenderungan solidaritas dalam kelompok, acap digunakan untuk menilai stabilitas dan kohesivitas kelompok sosial tertentu. Peran asabiyah sangat menentukan lahir dan runtuhnya sebuah bangsa, negara dan peradaban. Tulisan ini mengunakan pendekatan sosio-historis, bertujuan untuk menganalisa konsep asabiyah Ibnu Khaldun dan bagaimana konsep ini terkait dengan solidaritas berdasarkan agama. Solidaritas agama, misalnya, telah mendorong usaha menyatukan negara Islam seperti gerakan Pan-Islamisme, Persatuan Arab dan Persatuan Muslim. Data untuk tulisan ini dikumpulan melalui pendekatan analisa dokumen (document analysis). Tulisan ini mendapati bahwa antara asabiyah dan solidaritas agama memiliki hubungan yang mutually-inclusive. Bahwa, asabiyah memiliki peran penting dalam kemunculan awal sebuah negara dan peradaban. Sedangkan solidaritas agama diperlukan sebagai identitas dan kesadaran yang menyatukan perbedaan identitas budaya dan etnis (asabiyah) dalam sebuah negara dan aliansi. Pada tahapan awal lahirnya sebuah negara asabiyah sangat diperlukan sebagai pemantik semangat juang dan keberanian. Sementara solidaritas agama bisa menekan etnosentrisme dan menghilangkan persaingan, kecurigaan dan kecemburan di antara entitas etnis yang berbeda. Ringkasnya, identitas budaya dan etnis (asabiyah) dan solidaritas agama saling membutuhkan dan menguatkan terutama  untuk mencapai pembangunan dan kemajuan. Jika ikatan asabiyah menguat tanpa ikatan solidaritas agama akan memicu kemunduran dan keruntuhan bagi sebuah negara dan peradaban.


Keywords


Asabiyah, Solidaritas Agama, Persatuan dan Solidaritas Muslim

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jcpds.v7i1.3604

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