Perancangan Pengendalian Internal atas Pengelolaan Keuangan Yayasan XYZ sebagai Mitigasi Risiko Fraud

Abstract

Educational foundations are nonprofit organizations responsible for managing financial resources in an accountable and transparent manner. Weak internal controls may increase the risk of fraud and reduce the effectiveness of financial management. This study aims to analyze the implementation of internal controls, identify existing weaknesses, and design an internal control system for financial management at Yayasan XYZ based on the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) framework. This study employed a qualitative case study approach using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed descriptively through gap analysis based on the COSO Internal Control Framework and interpreted using the Fraud Triangle theory. The findings indicate that the existing internal controls have not fully complied with the five COSO components. The main weaknesses include the absence of segregation of duties, undocumented standard operating procedures (SOPs), simple financial recording practices, unstructured risk assessment, and the lack of periodic monitoring, reflecting the elements of opportunity, pressure, and rationalization within the Fraud Triangle. Based on these findings, this study proposes an internal control design consisting of an improved organizational structure, annual budgeting and emergency fund planning, SOPs for cash receipts, cash disbursements, and bank reconciliation, financial statement templates in accordance with ISAK 335, and strengthened monitoring mechanisms. The proposed design is expected to improve accountability, transparency, and fraud prevention in the financial management of educational foundations.