IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT DAN GANGGUAN KESEHATAN TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN DESA LANGGAPULU KONAWE SELATAN SULAWESI TENGGARA
Abstract
Ekosistem terumbu karang merupakan salah satu organisme laut yang rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan perairan. Salah satu dampak akibat perubahan lingkungan tersebut adalah munculnya berbagai penyakit dan gangguan
kesehatan karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang dan mengindetifikasi jenis-jenis penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan yang mengancam ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Desa Langgapulu. Metode
transek garis (line intercept transect) sepanjang 50 m digunakan untuk menggambarkan kondisi terumbu karang dengan melihat persentase penutupan karang hidup, karang mati, alga, dan keberadaan biota lainnya. Metode belt transek
dengan ukuran 5 m x 50 m digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit dan gangguan kesehatan karang, pada 4 stasiun pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terumbu karang di perairan tersebut dalam kategori
sedang hingga buruk/rusak. Jenis penyakit karang yang ditemukan pada perairan ini yaitu Black Band Disease (BBD), Brown Band Disease (BRBD), Dark Spots Disease (DSD), Pink Boctch (PB), Skeletal Eroding Band (SEB), dan White Syndromes (WS). Gangguan kesehatan karang umumnya disebabkan karena
pemutihan karang (Bleaching), Crown of Thorns Starfish, Growth Anomalies, Pigmentation Response, Sediment Damage, dan Tube Former. Penurunan kualitas lingkungan perairan sangat berperan terhadap munculnya berbagai penyakit dan gangguan terhadap kesehatan karang, yang berdampak pada gangguan secara fisiologis bagi biota karang.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35308/jlaot.v1i2.2320
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